Complications in Event History I: Frailty Models
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چکیده
Basic Problem: Heterogeneity What is it? Usually thought of as unmeasured risk factors. Can be induced when a relevant covariate is not included in the model’s specification. Maybe these factors are not measured (unmeasureable?) or are unknown to exist. Heterogeneity can lead to trouble insofar as parameter estimates can be inconsistent, standard errors can be wrong, and estimates of duration dependency can be misleading. Sometimes, the problem is manifested through “negative duration dependency.” (See F.1)
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